Overview of the events of 1877 in science
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The year 1877 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Events
Astronomy
Cartography
Chemistry
- Ludwig Boltzmann establishes statistical derivations of many important physical and chemical concepts, including entropy, and distributions of molecular velocities in the gas phase.[3]
Earth sciences
History of science
Mathematics
Medicine
Physics
Technology
Publications
Awards
Births
- February 2 – Margarete Zuelzer (died 1944), German microbiologist.
- February 7 – G. H. Hardy (died 1947), English mathematician.
- March 16 – Thomas Wyatt Turner (died 1978), American civil rights activist, biologist and educator; first black person ever to receive a doctorate from Cornell.
- April 5 – Walter Sutton (died 1916), American geneticist and surgeon.
- April 24 – José Ingenieros (died 1925), Argentine polymath.
- June 14 – Ida Maclean, born Ida Smedley (died 1944), English biochemist.
- September 1 – Francis William Aston (died 1945), English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- September 2 – Frederick Soddy (died 1956), English physical chemist.
- September 11 – James Hopwood Jeans (died 1946), English mathematician.
- September 13 – Wilhelm Filchner (died 1957), German explorer.
- October 21 – Oswald Avery (died 1955), Canadian American bacteriologist.
- October 25 – Henry Norris Russell (died 1957), American astronomer.
- November 3 – Rosalie Edge (died 1962), American conservationist.
Deaths
- January 2 – Alexander Bain (born 1810), Scottish inventor.
- January 12 – Wilhelm Friedrich Benedikt Hofmeister (born 1824), German botanist.
- February 8 – Charles Wilkes (born 1798), American navigator.
- April 9 – Pierre Louis Alphée Cazenave (born 1795), French dermatologist.
- May 5 – Joseph Bienaimé Caventou (born 1795), French pharmacist.
- June 3 – Ludwig von Köchel (born 1800), Austrian musicologist and botanist.
- September 17 – H. Fox Talbot (born 1800), English pioneer of photography.
- September 23 – Urbain Le Verrier (born 1811), French astronomer.
- September 26 – Hermann Günther Grassmann (born 1809), German mathematician.
- Choe Han-gi (born 1803), Korean philosopher of science.
References
- ^ Clegg, Brian (2007). The Man Who Stopped Time. Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press. ISBN 978-0-309-10112-7.
- ^ Peirce, C. S. (1877). "Appendix No. 15. A Quincuncial Projection of the Sphere". Report of the Superintendent of the United States Coast Survey Showing the Progress of the Survey for Fiscal Year Ending with June 1877. pp. 191–194.
- ^ Weisstein, Eric W. (1996). "Boltzmann, Ludwig (1844–1906)". Eric Weisstein's World of Scientific Biography. Wolfram Research Products. Retrieved 2007-03-24.
- ^ Eisenlohr, August (1877). Ein mathematisches Handbuch der alten Aegypter (Papyrus Rhind des British Museum). Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs. Retrieved 2011-10-13.
- ^ Mouton, Wolfgang G.; Bessell, Justin R.; Maddern, Guy J. (1998). "Looking Back to the Advent of Modern Endoscopy: 150th Birthday of Maximilian Nitze". World Journal of Surgery. 22 (12): 1256–8. doi:10.1007/s002689900555. PMID 9841754.
- ^ U.S. patent 463,569.
- ^ U.S. patent 199,141.
- ^ U.S. patent 203,018.
- ^ Scientific American 17 May 1878.
- ^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2020.